Often characterized as a tendency to flush or blush easily, rosacea typically progresses to persistent redness in the center of the face, and may gradually involve the ears, chest, and back. Small blood vessels and tiny pimples may appear on and around the reddened area. The best prevention may be to avoid things that trigger the redness and flushing. Examples include hot drinks, spicy foods, caffeine and alcoholic beverages. Oral antibiotics and topical medications can stop the progression of rosacea, but the improvement generally is not noticeable for 3-6 months.
Rosacea can vary substantially from one patient to another. The following photographs reflect common patterns of signs and symptoms, known as subtypes, and many patients have characteristics of more than one subtype at the same time.
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Subtype 1: Facial Redness (Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea)
Rosacea sufferers often experience flushing and persistent facial redness. Small blood vessels may also become visible in some patients, and stinging, burning, swelling and roughness or scaling may occur.
Subtype 2: Bumps and Pimples (Papulopustular Rosacea)
In addition to persistent redness, bumps (papules) and/or pimples (pustules) are common in many rosacea sufferers. Some patients may also experience raised red patches known as plaques.
Subtype 3: Enlargement of the Nose (Phymatous Rosacea)
Rosacea may be associated with enlargement of the nose from excess tissue, a condition known as rhinophyma. This may include thickening of the skin and irregular surface nodules, which in rare cases may also develop in areas other than the nose.
Subtype 4: Eye Irritation (Ocular Rosacea)
Rosacea affects the eyes in many patients, and may result in a watery or bloodshot appearance, irritation and burning or stinging. The eyelids may also become swollen, and styes are common.
